김형섭
 5일차 |
 0  327  2017-08-21 10:56 |
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1. 수강한 강좌명:문법의 신_기초반 3. 알게된 내용 : 1.자동사Vi : 행위중심 -> 수동태x(목적어 없어서) S + Vi 2.타동사Vt : 행위+대상 -> 목적어(대상)을 필요로 한다 -> 수동태o S + Vt + O I don’t kill : 행위중심으로 살생을 하지 않는다는 뜻(예외) -> 목적어의 의미가 중요치 않을 때 생략됨 주어/목적어 자리에 올 수 있는 것 -> 명사,대명사,동명사,to VR,명사절 kill + 명,대명 learn + 명,대명,to V,명사절 enjoy + 명,대명,동명사 eat + 명,대명 *목적어에 명사,대명사가 올 때 가장 많이 수동태로 쓰인다 수동태 1.S + Vt + O -> O + be pp + [by S] 2.S + Vt + IO + DO -> IO + be pp + DO + [by S] DO + be pp + 전 + IO + [by S] 3.S + Vt + O + OC -> O + be pp + OC + [by S] 1.S + Vt + O -> O + be pp + [by S] 1)she tires me -> I am tired 2-1)he thought of another war -> another war was thought of (by him) : 타동사구 2-2)he broke in my house -> my house was broken in (by him) : 타동사구 3)he has seen me -> I have been seen by him : have pp -> have been pp 4)he must do it ->it must be done by him : 조동사 + VR + O -> O + 조동사 + be pp 5)목적어가 명사절일경우 a)복문 : I think [that she is smart] -> [that she is smart] is thought (by me) -> It is thought [that she is smart] : [It be pp that S + V] said/known/beleved/considerd
단문 : she is thought to be smart [S + be pp + to VR] b)복문 : they think that he visit the casino 단문 : he is thought to visit the casino c)It is thought [that she was smart] ; 시제가 맞지 않을땐 완료부정사를 붙힌다 -> she is thought to have been smart d)It is known [that he was killed] during w.w.2 -> he is known to be killed during w.w.2(x) -> he is known to have been killed during w.w.2(o) 2.S + Vt + IO + DO -> IO + be pp + DO + [by S] DO + be pp + 전 + IO + [by S] he told me the secret -> I was told the secret [by him] the secret was told to me [by him] = to가 생략 가능하지만 쓰는게 좋음 *듣는다 hear *누군가 말해서 듣는다 be told/have been told cf)수여동사에 따라서 DO나 IO 하나만 가능할 수 있다 DO : make/find/buy/call he made me a clam chowder -> a clam chowder was made for me 조개탕 call me a taxi -> a taxi is called for me IO : he forgave me my rudeness ->I was forgiven my rudeness by him 복문 : I told him [that his father had passed away] -> he was told [that his father had passed away] -> [that his father had passed away] was told to him -> It was told to him [that his father had passed away] 3.S + Vt + O + OC -> O + be pp + OC + [by S] he called a man big hand -> a man was called big hand he made me upset -> I was made upset he finds me a genius -> I am found a genius = 문맥에 따라 4형식으로 해석가능 he expected me to win the race -> I was expected to win the race he made me accept the offer -> I was made to accept the offer 사역동사의 목적어는 원형부정사 수동태로 변환시 to V로 바뀐다 he think of the dog as family -> the dog is thought of as family It remind her of her father -> she is reminded of her father I filled my stomach with tap water -> my stomach was filled with tap water = 능동태를 외우고 수동태로 응용한다 *get pp : 동작 중시 did you get married? : 결혼이란 행위를 해봤나요?(현재x) - I got married : 했었어(현재x) he got shot : 그는 총을 맞았다(동작) *be pp:상태 중시 are you married? : 결혼한 상태인가요?(현재o) - I am married : 결혼상태야(현재o) he was shot : 그는 총맞은 상태였다(상태) 4. 듣고난 소감 : 가끔씩 알지 못하는 내용이 나와서 궁금증이 많이 생기네요
영어에만 있는 특별한 문법은 아니지만 아무래도 평소에 접하지 않는 수동적인 표현이다 보니까 많이 서툴고 어렵다고 느꼈습니다 계속 반복적인 훈련이 필요하다고 생각됩니다. |
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